|
The beginnings of higher agricultural education in the territory of Slovakia
go back to the last century when, in 1875, the first higher agricultural
school in Upper Austria - the Košice Agricultural Institute - was founded
in Košice. Within the Košice Agricultural Institute a unique, narrowly
specialised School of Water Technology Fore-men was also founded for the
training of experts in melioration and grasslands. Both schools functioned
successfully in Košice until the foundation of the first Czechoslovak
Republic in 1918. The upgrading of the Košice Agricultural Institute to
an Agricultural Academy in 1906 meant that the school acquired the character
of a higher education institution. The interrupted continuity of higher
agricultural education was renewed as late as in 1939 when the Department
of Forestry and Agricultural Engineering was founded at the Slovak College
of Technology in Bratislava.
The study of agricultural sciences at this department began in the 1941/42
academic year, while the first agricultural engineers of the Slovak College
of Tech-nology in Bratislava graduated in 1946. The year 1945/46 concludes
the first stage of the development of higher agricultural education in
Slovakia.
The second stage begins on the 25th of April 1946 when, through a Decree
of the Slovak National Council No. 48/1946, the College of Agricultural
and Forestry Engi-neering in Košice was established. This stage came to
an end on the 8th of July 1952 when the Government of the Czechoslovak
Republic Resolution No. 30/1952 can-celled the College of Agricultural
and Forestry Engi-neering in Košice and, instead of it, constituted two
independent colleges:
- The College of Forestry and Wood Processing in Zvolen
and
- The College of Agriculture in Nitra.
At the beginning the College of Agriculture in Nitra had two faculties
- the Faculty of Agronomy and the Faculty of Animal Science. The third
faculty, the Veterinary one, remained in Košice. On the 1st of January
1969 it was separated from the College of Agriculture in Nitra, becoming
an independent Veterinary College in Košice.
In Nitra, despite difficult beginnings, the College of Agriculture found
favourable conditions for its further development. The 1959 reorganisation
resulted in the merging of the Faculty of Animal Science with the Faculty
of Agronomy and the establishment of the Faculty of Economics and Management.
In 1969 the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and in 1995 a fourth faculty
- the Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering- were created.
The 1960s and the 1970s
were important periods in the history of the development of the College
of Agriculture in Nitra, being the years which saw the construction of
a new campus. It was officially opened in 1966. The building complex was
designed by arch. Vladimír Dědeček. This unique work was given the title
"the Building of the Century in Slovakia" in 2001.
Simultaneously with the premises for teaching, student hostels, the College's
experimental base and premises for sports activities (indoor swimming
pool, sports hall, and a complex of sports fields) were built.
In 1973 the training and recreation centre in the High Tatras was opened
and in 1974 the College of Agriculture Experimental Farm was established.
In the following years the improvement in the availability of premises
for study and research continued, for example, with the opening of the
"S" pavilion in 1984. In 1998 the Faculty of Horticulture and
Landscape Engineering building on Tulipan street (designed by arch. Juraj
Polyak - in 1998 it was granted a prize of the Association of Slovak Architects)
and in 1999 the SAU Congress Centre was opened. In addition to material
development, there has also been a development of pedagogical, scientific
and research activities.
In addition to new faculties, the following new peda-gogical, research
and development centres were built: Institute of Computer Technology,
Central Agricultural Library of the Slovak Republic, Institute of Biological
Rationalisation of Agriculture, Institute of Measurement Technology, and
Institute of Economics and Mana-gement of Agriculture.
The post 1989 development
at the College of Agriculture in Nitra was not only a process of democratization,
but an attempt to undo wrongs of the past and the creation of new organizational
structures. There was not only an unprecedented, and in the past even
impossible, deve-lopment of foreign co-operation, but also a transfor-mation
of the college to a university not just in name, but, above all, a transformation
to a fully-fledged system of education acceptable in developed countries.
A logi-cal culmination of the above-mentioned efforts was the Slovak Parliament
Act No. 324/1996, which changed the name of the College of Agriculture
in Nitra into that of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra (henceforth
SAU).
At the SAU in Nitra, the system of a diversification of education and
the transfer of responsibility for pro-fessional orientation to students
themselves were accepted. The fully computer-aided credit system that
is now under way is becoming ever more compatible with the systems of
developed and renowned world universities.
Honorary Degrees of the SAU in Nitra
The Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra honours the contribution of
distinguished personalities to the deve-lopment of sciences and of the
University as an educational and scientific institution. The following
personalities have received honorary degrees Dr.h.c.:
Dr. Jacques Diouf - General Director of FAO UN - 1995
prof. Ing. Emil Špaldon, DrSc. - SR - 1996
prof. Eduard Runge - USA - 1996
prof. MVDr. Ján Hovorka, DrSc. - SR - 1996
prof. Dr. Viktor Dragavcev - Russia - 1999
prof. John Kozak - USA - 1999
prof. Dr. Manfred Olbertz - Germany - 2000
prof. Ing. Miroslav Grznár, DrSc. - SR - 2000
prof. Ing. Jan Hron, DrSc. - Czech Republic - 2001
prof. Ing. Ján Plesník, DrSc. - SR - 2001
Ms Catherine Bertini - Managing Dir. WFP - UN -2001
prof. G. Joachim Elterich - USA - 2001
prof. Ing. Karel Vinohradský, CSc. -Czech Republic - 2002
RNDr. Jozef Kollár - SR -2002
The SAU is devided into
faculties, scientific and
pedagogical departments, information technology departments, special departments,
and the rector's office.
The SAU Faculties:
Faculty of Agrobiology
and Food Resources (FAFR)
Faculty of Economics
and Management (FEM)
Faculty of Agricultural
Engineering (FAE)
Faculty of Horticulture
and Landscape Engineering (FHLE)
Faculty of Biotechnology
and Food Sciences (FBFS)
Faculty
of European Studies and Regional Policy (FESRP) - Virtual Part
Scientific and Educational
Divisions:
Botanical Garden (BG)
University Farm - Kolíňany (UFK)
Institute of Biodiversity Protection and Biology
Safety (IBPBS)
Institute of Expertise in Agriculture (IEA)
Centre of Baltic University (CBU)
Advisory Centre for EU Legislation (ACEUL)
Information Centres:
Publishing and Editorial Centre (PEC)
Slovak Agricultural Library (SAG)
Centre of Information and Communication Technology (CICT)
Specific Purpose Facilities:
Educational and Training Facility Račková dolina (ETF RD)
Educational and Training Facility - Sports Facilities (ETF SF)
Educational and Training Facility - Tennis Centre (ETF TC)
Congress Centre
Student Hostels and Refectories (SHR)
Institute of Education, Research and Advisory Services Koliňany (IERAS)
Slovak Centre for the Retraining of Agricultural Workers (SCRAW)
SAU Research and Instruction Hunting Ground (RIG)
Association of Sports Clubs
Student Cultural Activity Club (Foklore ensemble Zobor, Theatricals "Divadielko
na Osmičke",
University news "Poľnohospodár"
SAU Rector's Office (R-SAU)
Office of the Rector
Office of
Science, Research and Doctoral Study
Office of Study Programs and ECTS
Office of International Relations and International Programs
Office of Public Relations
Office of the Bursar:
o
Division of Control
o Division of Specific Tasks
o Section of Economic Activities (Financial
Resources Management Office, Personnel and Economy of Labour Office,
General Accounting Division, Wages Accounting Division)
o Operation and Investments Division (Operation and Property Management
Division, Investments Division, Labour and Fire Safety Division)
o Legal Services Division
The SAU in Nitra is
a top educational and scientific in-stitution whose main aim is to provide
students with a university education, drawing on scientific knowledge
in agriculture and neighbouring areas, as well as on creative scientific
research. Due to the fact that it is the only university of its kind in
Slovakia, it has acquired a unique, national status. Its aim is to offer
such edu-cation, research and advisory services which would create conditions
for the development of agriculture and its neighbouring areas, the development
of Slovak rural areas and their linking to the development of the international
community. Meeting these aims contri-bute to the educational, scientific,
technical, and eco-nomic growth of society. This is done in harmony with
the world scientific and cultural trends. Following national and generally
human traditions, the SAU is a significant part of the Slovak Republic's
academic and research institutions network. At present, the SAU offers
a university education in the following levels of degree programs:
a university education in the following levels of degree programs:
1st - Bachelor's - award "Bc."
2nd - Engineer's (Master's) - award "Ing."
3rd - Doctoral - award "PhD."
In addition to the
above-mentioned degree programs, the SAU creates conditions for a life-long
education (specialized study, retraining courses, etc.) that allows its
participants to complement or develop their knowledge in a particular
area. The educational process at the SAU in Nitra is carried out in 26
study areas (29 study specializations) of the Engineer's study, in 18
study areas (4 study specializations) of the Bachelor's study, and in
14 study areas of the Doctoral study. All study or research areas are
accredited, offering a possibility to study in full-time or part-time
forms. Some kinds of study are carried out in the form of a distance study.
Faculty
of Agrobiology and Food Resources
of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra (henceforth as FAFR SAU)
is a top educational and scientific institution providing academic education
based on the latest knowledge in the area of agriculture and related branches
as well as on creative scientific research. Its objective is to create
conditions for such education, research and counselling which would ensure
the dissemination of knowledge necessary for the deve-lopment of agriculture
and related branches as well as for rural development in Slovakia, with
a view of the country's participation in the international community.
FAFR SAU offers academic education within the accredited study programs
(henceforth SP) on three levels: first - Bachelor's, second - Engineer's,
and third - Doctoral study programs.
Organization of Study
The full-time study form lasts 5 years (10 semesters). Students begin
in the Bachelor's program, lasting 3 years (6 semesters), and then continue
in the two-year Engineer's program. The Faculty has a flexible study system
which gives students enough space for the creation of their own study
plan, based on their indi-vidual profile and schedule and following the
offer of individual departments.
The Faculty has accredited
the following degree programs in areas:
Bachelor's Program:
o Management of Animal Production
o Management of Crop Production
o General Agriculture
o Human Nutrition
o Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development
Engineer's Program:
o Crop Protection
o Human Nutrition
o General Agriculture
o Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development
o Agroenvironmentalistics
o Management of Animal Production
Specializations:
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction
- Management and Economics of Animal Production
- Animal Nutrition and Feedstuffs
- Special Branches of Animal Production
o Management of Crop
Production
Specializations:
- Crop Breeding and Seed Production
- Crop Nutrition
- Agriculture of Marginal Regions
- Management and Economics of Crop Production
Doctoral Programme:
o General Crop Production
o Special Crop Production
o Agro-Chemistry and Crop Nutrition
o General Animal Production
o Special Animal Production
o Physiology of Crops and Trees
o Crop Protection
o Genetics
Our Graduates in
the Labour Market
The knowledge and skills acquired in the courses give our graduates enough
qualification to work in private and state food and agricultural enterprises,
in services, research, education, RPIS departments, insurance com-panies,
in professional and managerial capacities, in biological services, seed-breeding
organizations, breeder's associations, feedstuff and processing industry
companies, national and international organizations trading with agricultural
commodities, in standardization organizations, in research and breeder's
enterprises, in offices of area planning and nature conservation. Moreover,
they may find jobs also in marketing, education and advertisement, in
healthy food consulting centres, in the consumer protection divisions
operating in the areas of national and foreign food production, in civil
service, in companies producing and delivering pesticides and providing
counselling services in plant protection, etc.
Departments and Research
Units at the Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources:
Department of Agro-chemistry and Plant Nutrition
Department of Botany
Department of Plant Physiology
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Departments of Grass Ecosystems and Feedstuff Crops
Department of Plant Protection
Department of Pedology and Geology
Department of Sustainable Agriculture and Herbology
Department of Plant Production
Department of Genetics and Breeding Biology
Department of Poultry and Small Farm Animals
Department of Environmental Studies and Zoology
Department of the Prevention of Diseases and Repro-duction of Farm Animals
Department of Special Animal Production
Department of Animal Nutrition
Department of Morphology of Vertebrates
Department of Human Nutrition
FAFR Research and
Utility Units
Centre of Biology and Ecology of Plants at Malanta
Centre of Agrobiological Information Sciences
Above Average Fattening and Slaughter Value
Station run by the Department of Specialized Zootechnics
Research and Training Hunting Ground run by the
Department of Poultry and Small Farm Animals
FAFR
detached units (consulting centres)
Dvory nad Žitavou, Hlavné námestie 2
Rimavská Sobota, Okružná 61
Liptovský Mikuláš, Demänovská cesta 669
Bardejov, Štefánikova 64
Faculty of Agrobiology
and Food Resources
Tr. A. Hlinku 2, P. O. Box 40B, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
Tel.: +421 37 651 12 44; Fax: +421 37 741 14 51
E-mail: dekaf@uniag.sk
http://www.af.uniag.sk
Strategic objectives
In its educational activities, the FAFR SAU follows the principles of
the 1998 World Declaration on the University Education for the 21st Century
and the so-called Bologna Declaration of 1999. They include especially
the following:
adjustment of the university system of study to Euro- pean trends,
increasing of international
student and teacher mobilities,
introduction of a fully operational European Credit Transfer System (ECTS),
increasing of the efficiency of university entrance procedures,
introduction of the students' evaluation of a tea- ching process,
increasing the number of courses in computer technology, information and
communication technologies, as well as of courses focused on
economics and foreign language teaching.
The Faculty of Economics and Management
originated in 1959 as the Faculty of Operation and Eco-nomics from the
three departments whose activities were in the area of economics and social
sciences. It provides students with theory and practical skills nece-ssary
for economic and management jobs in agricultural and food industry areas,
for jobs in business and financial institutions, in public administration
institutions, as well as in other economic areas.
Organization of Study
The Engineer's study consists of two stages. The study program of the
first stage (1-3 years) is made up of courses offering basic theory in
the appropriate field. The second stage (4-5 years) offers specialized
courses. The students can choose their area of specialization in their
third year of study. The Bachelor's study lasts three years and is organized
in the form of part-time and distance study. The graduates may continue
in the Engineer's study. The system in both forms is flexible, allowing
students to create their own study programs. The Eastern Slovakia region
is covered by the Faculty's Košice educational facility.
The faculty has accredited
the following degree programs in areas:
Bachelor's Program:
o Economics of Agriculture
o Agricultural Management
Specializations:
- Business Management
- Commercial Management
- Crisis Management
o Operation and Economics
of Agri-food Enterprises
o International Trade
o Environmental Management and Regional Deve-
lopment
o Special Education Supervisor
Engineer's Program:
o Economics of Agriculture
Specializations:
- Business Economics
- Business and Law in Agriculture
- Finance in Agriculture
- Accounting and Auditing
- Regional Development
o Agricultural Management
Specializations:
- Business Management
- Quantitative Management and Application of Informatics
- Commercial Management
- Crisis Management
o International Trade
Specialisations:
- International Agrarian Trade and Customs
- Communication in International Agrarian Trade
o Operation and Economics
of Agri-Food Enterprises
o Environmental Management and Regional Development.
Doctoral Program:
o Industry and Branch Economics
o Economics and Management of Enterprises
Our Graduates in the Labour Markets
The Faculty of Economics and Management graduates may find jobs in managerial
positions and in economic sections of businesses - not only in agricultural
branches, but also in trading institutions aimed at domestic and foreign
agricultural commodities markets, in mana-gement and economic positions
of financial institutions(tax
departments, insurance companies, banks, etc.), in the Ministry of Agriculture
research institutions, in repre- sentative bodies, in general and specialized
areas of public administration institutions, in specialized and advisory
services, in agricultural secondary and appren-tice schools, etc.
The Faculty of Economics
and Management
Departments and Facilities
Department of Economics
Department of Management and Marketing
Department of Statistics and Operation Research
Department of Regional Development
Department of Information Systems and Finances
Department of Mathematics
Department of Languages
Department of Information Sciences
Department of Law
Department of Practice
Department of Pedagogy and Psychology
Department of Social Sciences
Department of Operation and Economics - stationed in
the Košice educational facility
Centre of Information Technologies
The strategic educational
aim of the FEM SAU is to train economists and managers for labour markets
in general, as well as for more specialized agricultural and food markets.
The graduates are equipped with suffi-cient theory and practical skills,
including languages.
As far as the research activities are concerned, the emphasis is put on
research projects of an institutional nature. The grant research projects
are concerned with the tasks of social importance. The research activities
are carried out in co-operation with the Slovak Academy of Sciences, branch
research institutes, as well as with the practice itself. The nature of
research requires the buil-ding of, in co-operation with branch research
institutes, the Faculty's bank of data and the application of modern information
technologies and data networks.
Faculty of Economics
and Management of the SAU in Nitra
Tr. A. Hlinku 2, P. O. Box 40B, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
Tel.: +421 37 651 11 51
Fax: +421 37 651 15 89
E-mail: dekfem@uniag.sk
http://www.fem.uniag.sk
The
Faculty of Agricultural Engineering
was founded in 1969. It trains operation technical engineers, able to
manage and organize production processes, to design mechanized production
systems, to secure reliable operation of production equipment, and to
keep the machines quality parameters at the necessary level, to create
and manage systems for the renewal of the technical life of machines,
to control energetic systems of production facilities, to design and manage
technical development of production subjects, using electronics, computer
technology and robotization, to provide com-mercial services for producers
of machines.
Organization of Study
The Engineer's study lasts 5-years (10 semesters). It ends in a state
examination from four profile subjects and with the defence of a diploma
work. The graduates are awarded the degree Ing. (Engineer), which corres-ponds
with the Master of Science awarded at foreign universities. The preparation
starts with basic mathe-matical and physical courses, it continues with
courses in construction and machinery technology, and ends with the study
of mechanized and automated production systems in agriculture and other
branches - according to the requirements of the study areas selected by
the students.
Students gain knowledge of management and economics of production. The
professional profile is complemented in the areas of technology management
and production processes, in the projecting of mecha-nised systems and
the maintaining of machinery servi-ceability.
The Faculty has accredited
the following degree programs in areas:
Bachelor's Program:
o Agricultural Engineering
Specialization:
- Machinery Maintenance and Repair
Engineer's Program:
o Agricultural Engineering
Specializations:
- Transporting and Manipulating Processes
- Commercial Services
- Technical Services in Municipalities
- Development and Testing of Machines
- Machinery Maintenance and Repair
- Food Processing Technique
- Automation and Computer Technology
o Reliability of Machines
Specializations:
- Operational Reliability of Machines
- Reliability of Machines and Constructions
o Food Processing Engineering
Doctoral Program:
o Techniques and Mechanization of Agricultural and Forest Production
Our Graduates in the Labour Markets
The graduates of the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering can find employment
as technical management staff, or operating engineers managing production
processes in agriculture, food industry, building, transport, commu-nal
technical services, in companies dealing in the servicing and repairs
of technology, working for trade centres of companies selling production
equipment, as designer-technologists in specialized design and engi-neering
organizations, as experts working in research and development and machinery
testing centres, as tea-chers at specialized schools.
The graduates of the specialization Rural Engineering can find employment
in communal offices of rural villages, in agritourist centres and in other
agricultural organizations.
The Faculty of Agricultural
Engineering Departments and Facilities
Department of Machinery and Production Systems
Department of Vehicles and Thermal Equipment
Department of Machinery Reliability
Department of Mechanization of Animal and Food Production
Department of Mechanics and Engineering
Department of Constructions
Department of Physics
Department of Electronic and Automatization
Division of Transport Education and Services
Faculty Computer Centre
The Faculty of Agricultural
Engineering's educational strategic aims are in the preparation of graduates
capable of finding employment as operating technical engineers, prepared
for the management of production, the designing of production lines and
the maintaining of their reliable operation.
Faculty of Agricultural
Engineering SAU in Nitra
Tr. A. Hlinku 2, P. O. Box 40B, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
tel.: +421 37 651 32 44; Fax: +421 37 741 70 03
E-mail: dekmf@uniag.sk
http://www.mf.uniag.sk
The
Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering
is professionally aimed at the education of students in the areas of horticulture,
garden and land-scape architecture, landscape engineering, and sustainable
development. In all these areas it has mana-ged to establish good co-operation
with domestic and foreign research centres as well as with practice centres.
Organization of Study
The Faculty has Bachelor's and Engineer's study forms. The 5-year Engineer's
study is flexible. The study prog-ram consists of courses in basic theory
and of specialized courses according to the selected area of study. The
character of the study is determined by the student, in accordance with
his/her specialization, by choosing from a set of specialized courses
and an individually determined topic for the diploma thesis. The selection
of additional courses depends on the self-profilation of every student.
The study ends with a state examination that also includes the defence
of the diploma thesis. The three-year Bachelor's study has a fixed study
program, consisting mainly of specialized courses. In addition to the
required courses, students can take other courses as well. The study ends
with a state Bachelor's examination which includes the defence of the
final Bachelor's thesis.
The Faculty has accredited the following degree programs in areas
Bachelor's Program:
o Horticulture
o Landscape Engineering
o Garden and Landscape Architecture
o Landscape Planning and Country Creation
Engineer's Program:
o Garden and Landscape Architecture
Specializations:
- Garden and Park Creation
- Biotechnics of Verdure
o Horticulture
Specializations:
- Vegetable Growing
- Floriculture
- Fruit Growing
- Viticulture and Oenology
o Landscape Engineering
Specializations:
- Water Management
- Waste Management
- Land Arrangement and GIS
o Landscape Planning
and Landscape creation
Doctoral Program:
o Horticulture
o Landscape Engineering
In all areas both full-time and part-time study forms are offered.
Our Graduates in
the Labour Markets
Horticultural and Landscape Architecture - the gradu-ates can find employment
as horticultural and landscape architects, technicians for the establishment
and upkeep of verdure, in the ateliers of designer organizations, in specialized
horticultural operations, in private companies and trade, in management
and production positions, in the civil service, in research and education
sectors.
Horticulture - they can work in specialized garden productions, in agricultural
businesses, in co-operatives aimed at horticultural production, in processing
com-panies, in trade, in shipment, in managerial positions, in education,
research, and the civil service.
Landscape Engineering - graduates can work in the civil service - in the
environment protection, cadastral, land, agricultural and forestry divisions,
in the Slovak Environ-mental Agency, in designer institutions and bodies
dealing with the country's water management. Gifted students have opportunities
to work in research centres and at universities.
The Faculty of Horticulture
and Landscape Engineering Departments and Facilities
Department of Biometeorology and Hydrology
Department of Biotechnology of Verdure
Department of Ecology
Department of Landscape Engineering
Department of Landscape Planning and Land Adjustments
Department of Fruit Production, Viticulture and Oenology
Department of Sustainable Development
Department of Physical Education and Sports
Department of Garden and Landscape Architecture
Department of Vegetable Production
Show Garden
Faculty of Horticulture
and Landscape Engineering of the SAU in Nitra
Tulipánova 7, P. O. Box 40B, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
Tel./Fax: +421 37 652 27 41
E-mail: dekfzki@uniag.sk
http://www.fzki.uniag.sk
The FHLE strategic
aims in the area of education are especially the following:
o new FHLE
educational programs are to be conceived in harmony with the transformation
of the agricultural sector and with regard to sustainable development,
o
to strengthen the individual study as well as the lifelong education courses,
o
to increase the open character of admissions for a university study,
o
to create conditions for international accreditation of the Faculty's
study subject areas.
The FHLE strategic aims
in the area of research are especially the following:
o increasing the international character of scientific and research activities
and the establishment of integrated Faculty and University facilities,
o designing of the technical development projects and their realization
in production.
The
Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences
was established in 2002. Its aim is to educate highly qualified professionals
able to apply the latest information technology in the areas of biology,
chemistry, tech-nology and economic sciences, oriented in modern procedures
of production, evaluation and processing of food as well as specific biotechnology
products.
The main goal is to achieve biological and technological integrity of
the system: "an agricultural product - a food".
Organization of Study
The study consists of three accredited study levels (Ba-chelor's, Engineer's,
Doctoral). The three-year Bache-lor's and five-year Engineer's programs
include compulsory, basic theoretical and specific courses and optional
courses from a selected study areas. This system provides for a flexibility
of the study, helping students to create their own study profilation.
The Bachelor's program ends with a state exam and the defence of a thesis.
After 10 semesters, the Engineer's program ends with state exam and the
defence of a diploma thesis. In the Engineer's program of the area Food
Tech-nology the courses and a topic for diploma thesis are selected by
each student based on his/her particular specialization.
The Faculty has accredited the following programs in areas:
Bachelor's program:
o Agrifood Technology
o Applied Biology
Engineer's Program:
o Food Technology
Specializations:
- Plant Foodstuffs
- Animal Foodstuffs
o Biotechnology
Doctoral Program:
o Biotechnology
Our Graduates in
the Labour Markets:
Agrifood Sciences and Food Technology graduates will be prepared
for work in the professions of technologists in agricultural, processing
and food industry enterprises, in market chains, in the services catering
for agriculture and food industry, in controlling and inspection institutions,
in agricultural and food research and education.
Biotechnology -
the curriculum is designed to prepare graduates for their work in biotechnological
enterprises, biological and biochemical laboratories, in molecular biology
facilities, in organizations of biological services, in interbreeding
enterprises, in science, research, and education.
Applied Biology
- graduates can be employed in seed and breeding enterprises, research
and interbreeding agricultural institutes, in controlling and testing
institutions, in research and education, in institutions of civil service
and local government on the level of regional and local authorities.
The Departments and
Institutes of the Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences:
o Department of Chemistry
o Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
o Department of Microbiology
o Department of Animal Physiology
o Department of Plant Products Storing and Processing
o Department of Animal Products Evaluation and Processing
o Department of Food Hygiene and Safety
o Department of Wine Industry and Processing of Fruit and Vegetables
o Institute of Experimental Biology
o Institute of Applied Biology
o Institute of Food Technologies
o Institute of Environmental Biotechnology
Strategic Aims of
the FBFS in the field of education are especially the following:
o in accordance with Bologna Declaration, to prepare the system of education
compatible and comparable with the systems in the EU,
o to complete the system of the transfer of credits,
o to prepare and carry out the transformation of study branches into study
curricula in accordance with the Higher Education Act,
o to increase the creativity and to liberalize the study by using modern
educational forms and methods,
o to acquire international accreditation of study programs.
Strategic aims of the FBFS in research:
o to actively participate in state projects, state orders, APVT, VEGA
and international prog ram of the 6th Framework Program,
o to form common research teams with the Slovak Academy of Sciences and
the Research Institute of Animal Production, to make research international,
o to intensify the students´ and PhD students' participation in research
projects,
o to quantify and regularly innovate research priorities in relation to
the development of knowledge and the needs of practice.
Faculty of Biotechnology
and Food Science
of the SAU in Nitra
Tr. A. Hlinku 2, P. O. Box 40B, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
Tel.: +421 37 650 84 11
E-mail: dekfbp@uniag.sk, studfbp@uniag.sk
http://www.fbp.uniag.sk
The Virtual Part of the European Studies
and Regional Policy Faculty is a common educational institution of the
Visegrad Four countries universities and the universi-ties of the Central-European
Initiative, providing educa-tion on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd university levels
in those study programs which are accredited at partner universities.
The Virtual part of the FESRP was created as an initiative of the SAU
in Nitra as well as the Universities which joined the Consortium of Universities.
Its aim is to serve the needs of international university programs. The
educational programs are coordinated by the Virtual Institutes (Centres
of Excellent Educating) established at the FESRP SAU in Nitra and at other
cooperating institutions of the Consortium.
The FESRP-VP offers complete education on all levels (as partial, semester,
or complete study), short and medium-term courses as well as the courses
for applicants from partner universities. Moreover, individual departments
offer international courses focused on perspective scien-ce and technology
areas, re-training courses and summer schools.
The study is realized in the full-time and part-time forms and in the
form of distance study. The FESRP-VP creates conditions for students'
mobilities. Applicants can chose from study and science specializations
offered by the co-operating universities. Further details about the Centre
of Excellent Educating programs are available on the FESRP-VP website
(mentioned on next page).
Further information on
the organisation of the study at Faculty can be found on the
web
Consortium of cooperated universities with established Centres of Excellent
Educating
SLOVAKIA
SPU Nitra
TU Zvolen
CZECH REPUBLIC
JU České Budějovice
MZLU Brno
HUNGARY
Szent István University, Gödöllő
West Hungarian University, FA Mosonmagyaróvár
Tessedik Sámuel College, Szarvas
University of Veszprém, Georgikon FA
POLAND
Main University of Rural Economy Warsawa
Agricultural University Poznan
Agricultural University Krakow
Agricultural University Wroclaw
AUSTRIA
BOKU Vienna
HOLLAND
Wageningen University
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Agricultural University Saratov
University of Environmental Management Moscow
University of Agricultural Engineering Moscow
Faculty of European
Studies and Regional Policy is an international coordinate educational
centre for Central and East European students with the participation of
the EU universities. The establishment of this institution is a result
of 10 years of experiences acquired from our participation in abroad range
of international coope-ration within the PHARE and TEMPUS projects.
The Virtual Faculty
part draws on the existing accredited study programs and specializations.
They will be co-ordinated by the FESRP-VP SAU in Nitra, in close co-operation
with national coordinators from partner universities, appointed after
the Consortium reciprocal agreement. The Virtual Faculty allows students
from co-operated universities to use the courses offered by the Centres
of Excellent Educating and focused on chosen study areas. The cooperated
institutions will agree to
the use of European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) in the partial or semester
forms of study.
There is also a possibility
to complete 2nd or 3rd edu-cational level programs (Master's and Doctoral
ones).
Bachelor's Program
Bachelor study is triennial (6 semesters) with a state exam consisting
of the defence of a bachelor final thesis. Graduates are awarded the academic
degree of "Bachelor" (Bc).
The full-time study at partner universities is conditioned by a working
knowledge of the language of a country in which the university is situated.
Graduates can apply for a study on a higher educational level also at
other universities of "the Consortium."
Master's Program
(Engineer's)
Master's study lasts 5 years (10 semesters), or, for graduates of the
1st level, it is biennial (connected with the bachelor's degree). The
study is completed with a state exam which consists of the defence of
a thesis. Graduates are awarded the academic degree of "Engi-neer"
(Ing.). This degree is equal to the Master of Science (MSc.) degree granted
at foreign universities. Full-time study taking place at partner universities
requires knowledge of language of a country in which the university is
situated. Graduates can apply for a complete or partial PhD study also
at other universities of "the Consortium."
Doctoral Program
Doctoral study is offered to graduates of the 2nd level in the form of
scientific education. The FESRP-VP will pro-vide:
o Complete study program at the SAU in Nitra,
o Short term stay focused on partial scientific tasks,
o Possibility of completing the study at cooperated universities.
Doctoral study lasts 3 years in the full-time form and 5 years in the
part-time form. Part of the Doctoral study is working on a dissertation
and its defence. Graduates are awarded the academic degree of "Philosophiae
Doctor" (PhD).
Foreign students can use their command of a national language of a country
in which particular institution is situated or English and German languages.
During the work on their dissertation,
PhD students can also apply for a study stay at the Centres of Excellent
Educating.
International courses
International courses are offered at all cooperated universities. The
Consortium coordinates their thematic orientation, in order to avoid duplication.
Courses have a form of partial study with a modular system. Credits are
transferable in the whole range of the ECTS. Particular modules are created
on an ad hoc basis and are subject to the approval of the management of
the university involved. A module consists of 4-5 courses taught by teachers
from different countries. Modular system allows creating a flexible program
based on the needs of students and the University.
Summer school
Summer schools are organized as 2-4 week mobilities. Graduates are awarded
a certificate. The thematic composition is aimed at the extension of knowledge
from a chosen area, possibly at spending a Summer holiday with educational
activities in natural conditions of a country in which the univer-sity
is situated.
Postgraduate programs
Postgraduate study programs are offered in unique and perspective areas
of science and technology, in the form of 1-2 semester study stays and
are based on the actual demand. The graduates can study in centres of
excellent universities.
Faculty of European Studies and Regional Policy
Trieda A. Hlinku 2, P. O. Box 40B, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
Tel.: +421 37 6511 560; Fax: +421 37 6511 560
E-mail: fesrp@uniag.sk
http://www.fesrp-vc.uniag.sk
Scientific and Research Activities
Science and research
are an integral part of the SAU life. They exist as the second most important
area of SAU activities. The University pays great attention to its support
and development in all departments and at all management levels.
The following are
the main aims and priorities of research at the University:
o a purposeful connection of research with the educational process as
well as with production programmes in agriculture and the food industry,
o the application of research results for the following activities:
o sustainable development
of agricultural production in the Slovak Republic,
o creation of a high quality environment in a stable, urbanised country
capable of using its agricultural resources as well, observing the requirements
and needs for the protection and creation of landscape as a whole,
o creating conditions for the required Slovak Republic's self-suffiency
in the production of healthy food and other agricultural products for
rational human nutrition.
The basic aims and
priorities of the SAU research policy are manifested in the thematic structuring
of research projects.
The thematic structure
of the SAU research activities is as follows:
o development of basic agricultural sciences and their efficient linking
with the:
o biological sciences,
o technical sciences,
o economical sciences,
o technological sciences,
o social sciences,
o development of accredited
scientific and study fields,
o focusing on current as
well as future tasks and aims of Slovak agriculture, meeting the requirements
of dealing with global problems of humankind.
The following are
the main subject areas of the SAU research activities:
o in the area of global problems the emphasis is especially laid on:
o landscape protection
and development,
o environment,
o human nutrition,
o food safety,
o protection of biodiversity,
o transformation of education,
o climactic change,
o renewal of the countryside and the development of villages,
o protection of cultural heritage and natural resources,
o renewable energy sources,
o in the area of biologisation
and ecologisation of agriculture especially on:
o biotechnologies,
o biodiversity,
o biofood,
o sustainable development,
o biomonitoring,
o production of energy from biomass,
o in plant production
especially on:
o efficient use of
crop yield potential,
o rational use of agrochemicals,
o sustainable use of grass ecosystems,
o biological plant protection methods,
o energy-saving systems of land tillage and fertilisation,
o development of integrated and ecological systems of land management,
o application of modern biotechnological methods for influencing the
production process in plant production,
o in animal production
especially on:
o analysis of the
occurrence of toxic matters in the human food chain,
o homeostasis of milking cows during production and the reproduction
cycle,
o identification of marker genes conditioning and regulating the development
of utility values of significant farm animal species,
o influence of technological systems innovations on the quality of milk
and meat,
o biological-technological rationalisation of the production of competitive
animal products,
o in the area of economic
and social sciences especially on:
o exploring the influence
of agrarian policy on the formation of integrating-economic and agritrade
structures,
o restructuring and revitalisation of businesses,
o analysis of sector models in the creation and valuation of alternative
scenarios of agrarian policy in the process of economic integration
to the EU,
o development of the countryside and the designing of rural development
policy according to the EU´s requirements,
o modelling the SR´s population reproduction on the basis of regional
differentiation,
o improvement of property legislation and land fund protection,
o in the area of technical
sciences especially on:
o research into the
influence of land tillage on the qualities of a seed bed in the growing
of sugar beet, cereals, potatoes, and root vegetables, physical-mechanical
technologies for an efficient ecological reduction of the Colorado beetle,
o technical-technological rationalisation of production and processing
of selected agricultural products,
o theoretical analysis and experimental verification of combustion engines,
transmission and hydraulic mechanisms of tractors from the aspect of
the application of biological liquids,
o modelling of agricultural machinery reliability with regard to the
ecologisation and safety of their operation,
o project of biogas technology for the processing of biological materials
and research into possibilities of its application as a regenerative
energy source,
o research and design of machines for the treatment and collection of
grass covers in mountainous and sub-mountainous areas of Slovakia,
o agrophysical qualities of biological materials, energetic and ecological
aspects of interaction between the soil and the wheels of mobile energy
means,
o construction-technological design of small production technologies
for the processing and storing of fruits,
o in the area of horticulture
and landscape engineering especially on:
o morphogenetic,
agroecological, and production processes,
o quality of fruits and vegetables,
o modelling of fruit wood production processes,
o agroecological and agrobiological examination of plum pox, o development
of growing systems and complementary irrigation of fruit root vegetable,
non-traditional vegetable species, table and most varieties of grape-vine,
currants and peaches,
o blocking of the intake of heavy metals and NO3 by a grown vegetable,
o management of invasion plant species - biodiversity,
o ecological stability of the country - questions of ecological stability
land systems,
o influence of the arrangement and application of agricultural landscape
for the movement of water with regard to integrated soil and water protection,
o influence of climactic changes on agriculture,
o urban and architectonic problems of rural settlements,
o humanisation and aesthetic creation of the rural landscape.
Most of the projects
are the grant and institutional ones.
International
relations and Cooperation
International relations are of a
cross-section nature in the life of the Slovak Agricultural University
in Nitra. The realization of international cooperation is varied and its
forms have been dynamically developing. The activities of international
cooperation of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra may classified
into several areas, such as:
1. International
programs and projects
Because of their importance, international projects are one of the key
activities, specifically from the point of direct profit for the material
and professional development of SAU departments and divisions. Several
international programs, including educa-tional and research ones, have
been realized.
I. Programs and
projects in the field of education:
A. SOCRATES,
B. LEONARDO da VINCI,
C. CEEPUS (Central European Exchange Program for University Studies),
D. TEMPUS,
E. Action AUSTRIA-SLOVAKIA.
F. Czech-Slovak Cooperation
II. Programs and
projects in the field of research and science:
A. 5th FP - 6th Frame program,
B. PHARE,
C. COST,
D. INCO-COPERNICUS,
E. ISPA,
F. SAPARD.
2. Bilateral agreements
and inter-university contacts
The Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra has conclu-ded bilateral agreements
"Memorandum of Under-standing" with 45 foreign partners (see
table in p. 23) from 21 countries of Europe, America, Asia, and Australia.
The agreements help develop an inter-university cooperation in the fields
of education and research.
3. Membership in
international academic organizations
Membership in international academic organizations is an important key
to the creation of conditions for incorporation into international projects,
to gain new information about the latest trends in university development,
education or research. At the same time, it is a means of making new contacts
as well as of the promotion of the SAU.
The SAU is a member of the following organizations:
AUDEM - Alliance of Universities for Democracy,
IAU - International Association of Universities,
ICA - Interuniversity Consortium for Agricultural and Related Sciences
in Europe,
GCHERA - Global Consortium of Higher Education and Research for Agriculture.
Membership in these international organizations is the key to engaging
SAU in new international programs and to gaining new information about
the latest trends in university education development.
Centre
of Information an Communication Technology
The aim of the Centre of Information
and Communication Technology is to provide complex services that would
cover the needs of the University in the field of information and computer
technology and sciences.
The Centre provides the following services.
o creation and development of application computer programs,
o building and administration of the University com puter network,
o consultancy and training of students and university staff in the use
of computer technology,
o development of a regional
gateway of the nationwide computer network SANET,
o overseeing the operation of student information systems and economic
agenda, www, FTP and servers.
Students
Hostels and Refectories
The SAU students have at their disposal the following 5 student hostels:
o A. Bernolák SH offers 346 beds in double-bed rooms,
o Mladost SH with 1,159 beds in one- up to four-bed rooms,
o Nová doba SH offers 778 beds in double- and three-bed rooms,
o Pribina SH offers 504 beds in three- and five-bed rooms,
o Pod Zoborom SH is intended for married student couples.
The Refectories in the
SH Mladost and A. Bernolák provide full board to students.
Congress Centre
The SAU new Congress Centre is equipped with the most modern multimedia
technology and equipment for simultaneous translation into four foreign
languages whose value reaches over 5 million Slovak crowns. It was opened
at the end of 1999. It is a part of the board and lodgings complex which
was built in the early 1990s. The Congress Hall has 320-360 seats, meeting
the highest criteria for the organization of even the most demanding scientific
events, international symposia or other social events.
Institute of Education, Research and Consultancy
(IERC)
The IERC is a specific SAU facility. At present, it contri-butes, together
with the University Experimental Farm, to a purposeful and effective interconnection
of educa-tional, research and consultancy activities of individual SAU
departments and facilities. It creates good condi-tions not only for the
organization of all types and forms of study provided by the SAU, but
also for various courses, seminars, social events, etc.
For these purposes the IESC offers:
o three multi-purpose classrooms, each containing 70 seats,
o a conference hall with 30 seats,
o a special computer technology classroom for 15 participants,
o full board and lodging.
University Farm (UF)
The UF is a specialised
SAU facility with the following main aims:
o creating conditions for
practical education of the SAU students and for the verification of results
achieved in the SAU staff research projects,
o providing demonstration, promotion and consultancy activities for the
professional public,
o carrying out production and agricultural, food industry and other services,
connected with educational and research activities.
The UF uses 2,305 hectares of farmland.
Educational
and Treining Facility - Rackova dolina
The Educational and Training
Facility is located in the western part of the High Tatras. It is set
in a beautiful natural landscape, filled with peace and clean, healthy
air. The visitors can make use of a sauna, fitness centre and sports fields.
In winter there are opportunities for skiing, sledding and bobsleighing.
The Facility has its own ski lift.
University
of the Third Age
The University of the Third Age, as a part of a lifelong education, has
a long-standing tradition. So far this specific form of education, intended
especially for senior citizens, has produced approx. 1,000 graduates in
various study fields (for example horticulture, winegrowing, economics
and management, accoun-ting, agri-tourism, nutrition, health, etc.).
Local
Centre of Distant Education
Nowadays, lifelong education in our constantly learning society has become
a necessity. The system of adult education typically emphasises the need
for open and flexible methods of study that allow the choosing of a subject,
time and place of study according to the needs of a student. One of the
new technologies of education is distance education. It is economically
more advanta-geous for both potential students and the government. In
many European countries it has been under way since the 1970s. The Local
Centre of Distant Education of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra
focuses its activities on the promotion and dissemination of information
about this progressive method of acquiring professional qualifications,
as well as on the methodical guidance and creation of necessary conditions
for the operation of the Centre.
Educational
and Training Facility - Tennis Centre
The Tennis Centre was opened in 1985. During the next 15 years of its
existence it has been modernised with some newly built facilities. Present
Tennis Centre consists of:
o 9 clay courts, the central one with a spectator stand for 800 people
and 4 courts with artificial lighting,
o 1 concrete court,
o two tennis halls with 4 courts covered by top Green Seet surface,
o two-storey referee's tower with a view on 7 courts, "Tennis bar"
with indoor and outdoor terrace with 100 seats,
o "Tennis hotel" with the capacity of 28 beds and a bar, _fitness
centre, workshop, storing facilities, clubroom with refreshments,
o medical room,
o cloakrooms
o toilets,
o a hairdresser's and pedicure,
o bowling (two alleys) with refreshments
o "Sports centre" - swimming pool (11 × 7m), services, squash
(two courts),
The sports achievements
of the SAU Tennis Club AX - Výstavníctvo (Exhibitions) as well as their
organisation of significant sports events have made the Tennis Centre
known throughout Europe. The Club's members have won world and European
championships, Slovak championships, medals at the World University Games
and many successes at tournaments throughout the world, thus successfully
representing not only the Slovak Agricultural University, but also the
City of Nitra and Slovakia. Players from all over the world have appeared
at satellite tournaments organised since 1991. The Tennis Club offers
all sorts of tennis activities: recrea-tional and professional tennis
for all age levels.
Association of Sports Clubs
Association of Sports Clubs The Association of Sports Clubs was established
in 1952. During its existence it has achieved many sports succe-sses and
has held several nation-wide and international competitions: The University
Games, The Slovak Aca-demic Championships, The Men's Volleyball World
Championships, The Danube Cup in men's volleyball. The following sections
are registered in the Association of Sports Clubs: volleyball, basketball,
handball, swimming, bodybuilding, equestrian, chess, triathlon, tennis,
as well as the section of recreational physical education and sport. Nowadays
it has more than 1,500 members, mostly SAU students and staff.
Students
Culural Activity Club
The university study does not mean just sitting over textbooks or at a
lecture. Student life has various colours and forms that remain in one's
memory for the rest of one's life. The SAU students have many opportunities
to spend their time with their hobbies and relaxing.
The University's best-known
artistic group, the folklore ensemble Zobor, has been successfully performing
for four decades. The Zobor is known in Slovakia as well as in other countries.
Hundreds of SAU students have once been its members. The authorial theatre
Divadielko na Osmičke has also entered the fourth quarter of its exis-tence.
The theatre performs once or twice a year and its performances have become
an integral part of matri-culations and other student socialising events.
And the Krížom-krážom (Criss-Cross) Theatre has emerged as its great rival.
In recent years many music bands performing music of various styles have
originated at the SAU. There is a long tradition of student hostel radio
stations. The Mladosť hostel even boasts its own hostel TV studio.
Sportsmen do not lack the
opportunities for active exercising either. Hardly any other Slovak university
provides such good conditions for sports as the SAU. There are sports
fields at the Mladosť hostel, tennis courts, and for fans of skiing and
hiking the instruction and training centre in Račková Dolina.
The
City of Nitra itself offers many opportunities to pleasantly spend one's
free time. One can choose the Andrej Bagar Theatre, the Puppet Theatre,
museums, galleries or the Stará Pekáreň club. The Nitra Castle, the under-castle
area, the old town and Calvary Hill, all attract those who are fond of
history. The surroundings of Nitra can be characterised as a tourist paradise.
Student
organisations
Student interest organizations and professional organi-sations offer to
young people new activities in the field of international co-operation,
improving their command of foreign languages, as well as providing space
for the exchange of experience with young people all over the world.
There is a branch of
an international association of economic and trade university students,
AISEC, at the SAU. It is the largest student organization in the world,
founded by the initiative of the FEM students in 1992. It focuses on two
fundamental program - an international exchange program ITEP and a global
thematic prog-ramme GTP.
The national centre of The International Association of Agricultural Students
(IAAS) has operated at the SAU since 1994. It is a non-governmental, non-beneficial
and non-political organization that brings together students of agriculture,
forestry, food industry and other related areas. It has approx. 100,000
members from more than 40 countries and has approx. 100 local agencies.
Its goal is to support contacts among students, exchange information,
and organize exchange work practice and seminars.
The ELASA Slovakia is the youngest interest organization for students
operating in Slovakia. Its members are the students of garden and landscape
architecture. It was established in the Netherlands in 1991 and is connected
with all international professional associations of garden architecture.
The goal of the Slovak branch is to promote gardening companies, organization
of seminars, profe-ssional lectures, excursions and practices of the FHLE
students.
Centre
of Baltic University
The Centre of Baltic University
was founded in 1998 through the signing of a contract between the Baltic
University in Uppsala and the Slovak Agricultural Uni-versity in Nitra.
As a result of the contract the Centre of the Baltic University for the
Slovak and Czech Republics was created to co-ordinate the activities within
a regional network of the universities of the Baltic region. The Centre's
role is to harmonize and enlarge the Baltic University Program in the
region. It concentrates on the exchange of information and contacts between
the Slovak and Czech universities, provides for a daily contact with the
Uppsala University Co-ordination Cen-tre, organizes national conferences
for teachers and students on course instruction, carries out necessary
administration services for the program activities, negotiates the participation
of students at teacher's conferences, in summer camps, on excursions and
cruises. The Baltic University Centre publishes infor-mation and other
materials providing space for parti-cipating universities to express their
experience.
conferences, in summer camps, on excursions and cruises. The Baltic University
Centre publishes infor-mation and other materials providing space for
parti-cipating universities to express their experience.
Centre
for Education and Verification of Knowledge in the Area of
IT
The Centre for Education and Verification of Knowledge in the Area of
Information Technologies InfoTech originated as a consequence of the activities
connected with accession to the European Union and open global labour
market, for which it will be necessary to have a good command of foreign
languages and also to be able to use information technology on a daily
basis. The centre has been established by the Rector and caters not only
for the university, but for the whole of Slovakia as well. Its aim is
to provide training in the area of information technologies. The staff
are professionals in the subject area, coming from computer centres at
individual faculties as well as a central computer centre and the departments
providing the teaching of infor-mation technologies. They have rich experience
in the organization of appropriate courses and training - for example,
providing fundamentals of the work with PC, antivirus protection, MS Windows
and applications, Unix operation system, the Internet, and the creation
of hypertext and multimedia documents.
antivirus protection, MS Windows and applications, Unix operation system,
the Internet, and the creation of hypertext and multimedia documents.
Advisory
Centre for the EU Legislation
The process of integration
of the Slovak Republic to the European structures puts primary emphasis
on the approximation of our legal norms with EU legislation. According
to Article 10 of the SAU Status, the Advisory Centre for the EU Legislation
is an information unit, facilitating the application of knowledge acquired
within the project focused on the European Union's legislation in agriculture.
It was founded in 1997 within the project Tempus JET 11100: European Law
in Agriculture and Land Management.
The Advisory Centre of the
EU Legislation is located at the Department of Law in the Faculty of Economics
and Management of the SAU.
|
